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C7 · Civil Litigation

Civil Litigation in Thailand — Contract, Debt, Property, Commercial

Quick answer: most Thai civil disputes start with a formal demand letter, then a claim filed at the Civil Court or provincial court with jurisdiction. Courts usually hold a mediation session before trial. After judgment, enforcement runs through the Legal Execution Department. We explain each step in English before you sign.

  • •Contract disputes
  • •Debt recovery
  • •Property claims
  • •Commercial suits
  • •Enforcement
  • •Appeals to Supreme Court
Pricing: contact us for a quote · Fees: ask our team for a quoteLegal basis: Civil Procedure Code
Illustration: Civil Litigation in Thailand — Contract, Debt, Property, Commercial
Illustrative image, not actual staff or documents
Lawyer walking a business owner through a contract dispute file at a desk

Typical disputes foreign clients bring us

  • A Thai buyer or partner has stopped paying under a written agreement
  • A contractor abandoned a villa or office fit-out half finished
  • A deposit on a condo or lease was not returned
  • You won a judgment but the other side still has not paid

If you have been served with a Thai court summons

The summons states a deadline to file your answer. Missing it can let the court proceed without hearing your side. Send us a scan of the summons and complaint the day you receive it — Thai documents need translating and reviewing before the answer can be drafted.

Limitation periods are not uniform

The Civil and Commercial Code sets different limitation periods depending on the type of claim. Some are short. We check when the clock started from your actual documents rather than assuming a general rule.

You do not have to stay in Thailand

With a properly notarised and, where needed, legalised power of attorney, a Thai lawyer can file and attend hearings for you. You may still be needed in person to testify in some cases.

Frequently asked questions

Is there a limitation period for civil claims?

Yes, and it differs by type of debt. If it lapses you may lose the right to sue, so bring contracts, chats and transfer records for a lawyer's review as soon as a dispute arises.

Can I sue if the contract is only in English?

Yes, but the court works in Thai, so the contract and key evidence must be translated. Translation quality matters because the Thai version is what the judge reads.

How is a judgment enforced?

Through the Legal Execution Department, which can seize or attach assets after the judgment, within the period the law allows. Locating assets first is usually the practical challenge.

Send your documents for a lawyer's review

Call 064-2894888 · LINE @THAIL · contact@thailaw-accounting.co.th

Fees: ask our team for a quote

Sources

Reviewed by the legal team at Thai Law & Accounting Services · Last reviewed 4 Oct 2026 · General information, not legal advice for your specific case